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Trauma, Vol. 9, No. 2, 95-102 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1460408607083963

Psychological consequences associated with intensive care treatment

James Carr

Department of Academic Emergency Medicine, James Cook University Hospital Middlesbrough, James.carr{at}stees.nhs.uk

Intensive Care Unit (ICU) treatment involves a range of physical and psychological stressors including serious illness, invasive medical procedures, and prolonged incapacity. In addition to physical health problems, those that survive ICU often experience long term psychological difficulties such as cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This review will first consider the types of psychological problems that can occur both during ICU treatment and following discharge and some of the factors involved in their development. Second, consideration is given to medical and psychological intervention strategies that can be provided both during treatment and in follow-up.

Key Words: Intensive Care • Post-traumatic stress disorder • cognitive impairment • delirium • psychological difficulties


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