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Fracture healing and bone repair: an update

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Crete, Greece

George Kontakis

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Crete, Greece

Vassilis Nikolaou

Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, UK

Argiris Papathanassopoulos

Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, UK

Peter V Giannoudis

Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, UK, pgiannoudi{at}aol.com

Bone healing represents a physiological process of repair and restoration of function. Recent advances in a variety of medical disciplines have enabled scientists and clinicians to characterise this phenomenon at the molecular level. A number of molecular mediators and cells interact utilising different pathways. Despite the involvement of many local and systemic factors failure of the naturally occurring mechanisms can occur leading to either delayed union or non-union. This review article is focused on the recent understanding of the mechanisms governing the bone repair process.

Key Words: fracture • union • mediators • BMPs

This version was published on July 1, 2009

Trauma, Vol. 11, No. 3, 145-156 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1460408609335922


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